Begonia is one of the largest and fastest-growing genera of flowering plants. Yunnan Province in China and its neighboring countries (Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar) are recognized as one of the richest areas for Begonia diversity. 

During a botanical surveys of the China-Myanmar transboundary region in Yunnan in 2022, researchers from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences collected an unknown Begonia species from the Nangunhe National Nature Reserve in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County. The tuberous habit with stolons between the tubers revealed that the new species is a member of Begonia sect. Stolonifera. 

After careful taxonomic studies of the genus and comparison of the unknown species with similar species, the researchers confirmed it as a new species of Begonia. They named it as Begonia cangyuanensis to refer to the distribution of the new species in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County, Yunnan Province and published it in Nordic Journal of Botany. 

Begonia cangyuanensis is a tuberous and creeping herb. It is stoloniferous, deciduous,about 5-20 cm high. The new species is similar to B. dioica in its tuberous habit with red stolons between the tubers, but significantly differs in having two bracteoles under the ovary (versus absent) and four tepals of the female flower (versus three tepals). It is also similar to B. yui in having two bracteoles below the ovary, but it is clearly distinguished by its tuberous habit with red stolons between tubers (versus absent) and four tepals of the female flower (versus five tepals). 

The new species is endemic to Cangyuan, Yunnan. It was found growing in moist mossy areas on steep rocky slopes. Due to insufficient field surveys, the natural distribution and population status of B. cangyuanensis is not clear. Therefore, the researchers assessed the conservation status of the new species as data deficient according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature red list categories.

Begonia cangyuanensis. (Image by DING Hongbo) 

Begonia cangyuanensis. (Image by DING Hongbo) 

Begonia cangyuanensis. (Image by DING Hongbo) 

Begonia cangyuanensis. (Image by DING Hongbo)