A research team led by Prof. CHEN Chilai from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a deep-sea mass spectrometer. It has completed several sea trials in a specific area of the deep sea.

The results were published in Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry.

Extreme environment of the deep sea has shaped unique biological processes and harbors significant mineral resources, making their detection a frontier issue in international earth science research. Deep sea in-situ detection technology allows continuous acquisition of information on the components, concentrations, and variations of deep-sea samples in both temporal and spatial dimensions. Therefore, it is increasingly being used in study on extreme deep-sea environments.

In this study, the deep-sea mass spectrometer worked continuously and reliably for more than eight hours under simulated water depths of -5,800 meters. It achieved long-term (25.8 hours) in-situ detection of dissolved gases in the cold seep region of the deep sea and on-line detection of dissolved gases from the sea surface to the seabed (-1,388 m to 0 m).

This allowed the researchers to obtain important scientific data, such as the temporal variation curve of the concentration of small molecular dissolved gases and the vertical concentration distribution profile in the deep-sea seabed.

This technology is not only applicable to deep-sea exploration but also to the acquisition of dissolved gas information in inland rivers, lakes, and near-shore waters. Relevant research in this area is also underway.

"We have been committed to the research of key technologies and applications of mass spectrometry," said Prof. CHEN. "The development of this deep-sea mass spectrometer paves the way for the study of the origin and early evolution of life, as well as the study of global climate change."

The deep-sea mass spectrometer in experiment. (Image by WANG Han)

A image of the developed in situ underwater mass spectrometry. (Image by WANG Han)

Vertical distribution of dissolved gases in deep-sea. (Image by WANG Han)