Xuelong 2 with its on-board equipment was sailing in the Arctic Ocean for polar survey and expedition missions. (Image by SHENG Hui from HFIPS)
China's 12th Arctic scientific expedition team returned to Shanghai on Sept. 28 with equipments developed by Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on board Xuelong 2 (Snow Dragon 2) icebreaker.
They are Atmospheric ozone lidar, differential optical absorption spectrometer, aerosol particle size spectrometer and shipborne hyperspectrometer independently, which help to obtain the fine vertical structure of ozone, halogen oxides and aerosol optical properties in ocean and polar boundary layer, providing scientific basis and technical support for revealing the mechanism of rapid change in the Arctic.
This expedition, organized by China's Ministry of Natural Resources, lasted 79 days and covered a voyage of 14,000 nautical miles. During this period, the team completed comprehensive observations of the atmosphere, ocean and ecology in the Chukchi Sea, focusing on addressing climate change and protecting the ecological environment of the Arctic.
Changes in climate, especially a rising temperature and reduced precipitation, will influence the ecological stability in desert regions, according to the latest research from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
To understand and predict regional scale or even local scale climate extremes is a great challenge not only because they are rare but also because they are sometime, if not often, non-Gaussian distribution. Two approaches for statistical prediction/downscaling of non-Gaussian climate extremes were proposed
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