Conical target gathers high energy electron
Teaming up with a research group led by ZHAO Wei from the CAS Xi'an Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, ZHANG Jie and his colleagues from the CAS Institute of Physics have collaboratively achieved a major breakthrough in strong field physics. Researchers have for the first time directly observed high energy electron beams emitted along the surface of conical targets, which constitutes a direct evidence for the role of conical targets in gathering high energy electrons.
In the experiment, the researchers raised the output of neutrons threefold, by sending super strong laser beams to the conical targets. Researchers assumed that there can be two possible physical processes in the experiment: 1) conical target plays a role of gathering strong laser beams, allowing laser beams sending their energy to the top of the conical target, which would greatly raise the effective coupling between laser beams and plasma bodies; 2) strong laser beams emitted from a large angle may produce high energy electrons inside the target, which would also gather at the tip of conical target, allowing all the energy they carries to rest in the compressed target pellets, which in turn greatly increase the number of neutrons in the pellets. Scientists have so far confirmed the first process through experiments. Unfortunately, they did not produce direct experimental evidences for the second process, though they promised to continue the efforts for collecting more evidences.
Researchers made an in-depth and thorough investigation into the confirmed physical process, and found that a strong laser beam can produce a MeV electron beam along the surface of target, when it is emitted from a large angle. This proves for the first time the role of conical target in gathering high energy electrons. The finding is important for people to understand the role of a conical target in fast laser nuclear fusion process. It also creates an easy and simple approach to produce stable high-energy electron beams with small divergence angle and fine directionality. The high-energy electron beam produced from the process is of importance to the genesis of super fast electron diffraction and super short X ray pulse, and electron injection in the tall wave acceleration. (Sources: MOST S&T Newsletter)