A new neutrino oscillation mode, the third such pattern, is identified by CAS, and recognized by Science as one of the top ten scientific breakthroughs of 2012.

CAS achieves the world's first 100-kilometer scale quantum teleportation through free space. Nature described this achievement as a significant milestone in long-distance quantum communication.

The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE or "Wukong") satellite is successfully launched into orbit.

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), a major national S&T infrastructure project, is completed and commissioned.

The world's first quantum communication satellite, Mozi, is successfully launched.

China's first space-based X-ray astronomy satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT or "Insight"), is successfully launched.

The world's first optical quantum computer, which demonstrated capabilities surpassing early classical computers, is born.

The underwater glider Haiyi sets a new world record of 6,329 meters.

Two genetically identical monkeys, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, are born. They are the world's first primate clones made by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).

Chang'e-4 lunar probe is successfully launched.

Chang'e-5 lunar probe completes China's first automated moon surface sampling and return mission.

China's manned deep-sea submersible, Fendouzhe ("Striver"), sets a new world diving record of 10,909 meters. China's unmanned submersible, Haidou-1, sets a new record of 10,907 meters.