In 1965, the Institute of Semiconductors etched a circuit containing seven transistors, one diode, seven resistors and six capacitors on a silicon wafer about one square centimeter in size. This marked the birth of China’s first integrated circuit and provided the necessary conditions for the development of a solid component microcomputer. This achievement directly supported the development of the computer that served the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” project, marking the first step towards self-reliance in China’s integrated circuit industry.